If you decide to do an apprenticeship (vocational education and training programme), you need to look for a position as an apprentice in a company. The database on Berufsberatung.ch is a good place to start. It lists all of the available registered apprenticeship positions in each canton. It is possible to do some vocational courses by attending a full-time course at a vocational school.

Overview of available apprenticeship positions (German)